Underwater Photography: Getting Started

Capturing the magic beneath the waves is one of diving's most rewarding pursuits. Underwater photography lets you share incredible moments with friends and family, and creates lasting memories of your diving adventures.

Getting Started: Camera Options

Action Cameras (GoPro, DJI)

Best for: Beginners, video, wide-angle

• Compact and easy to use
• Waterproof without housing (to 10-40m)
• Excellent video quality
• Limited manual controls
• Cost: $200-500

Compact Cameras with Housing

Best for: Intermediate photographers, macro

• More control over settings
• Better image quality than action cams
• Requires underwater housing ($200-500)
• Popular models: Olympus TG series, Sony RX100
• Total cost: $500-1,500

Mirrorless/DSLR Systems

Best for: Serious photographers

• Professional image quality
• Interchangeable lenses
• Expensive housings ($1,000-3,000+)
• Steep learning curve
• Total cost: $3,000-10,000+

Essential Accessories

Key Techniques

1. Get Close

Water reduces contrast, color, and sharpness. The closer you are to your subject, the better your photos will be. Most underwater photos are taken within 1-2 meters of the subject.

2. Shoot Upward

Shooting up toward the surface creates more dramatic images with better backgrounds. Avoid shooting down at the reef – it creates flat, boring images.

3. Use Natural Light Wisely

The best natural light is in the first 10 meters of water, during midday when the sun is overhead. Below 10m, you'll need artificial light to restore reds and oranges.

4. Be Patient

The best wildlife shots come from patience. Approach slowly, don't chase, and let curious animals come to you.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Shooting too far away: Get closer!
• Backscatter: Particles illuminated by flash (angle your strobes)
• Blue/green cast: Use lights or red filter
• Blurry images: Hold camera steady, use faster shutter
• Neglecting composition: Rule of thirds applies underwater too

Buoyancy is Everything

Important: Master your buoyancy before focusing on photography. Poor buoyancy leads to kicked-up silt, damaged reefs, and blurry photos. Many divers wait until they have 50+ dives before taking a camera underwater.

Recommended Progression

1. First 20 dives: Focus on dive skills, no camera
2. 20-50 dives: Small action camera for video
3. 50-100 dives: Add lights, experiment with compact camera
4. 100+ dives: Consider upgrading to mirrorless system

Remember: the best camera is the one you have with you. Start simple, focus on techniques, and upgrade as your skills develop!